J. Marion Sims

James Marion Sims was an American physician in the field of surgery, known as the "father of modern gynecology" — but also as a controversial figure, due to the ethical questions raised by how he developed his techniques. His most significant work was the development of a surgical technique for the repair of vesicovaginal fistula, a severe complication of obstructed childbirth. He is also remembered for inventing Sims' speculum, Sims' sigmoid catheter, and the Sims' position.